References for Requests

Biesenbach-Lucas, S. (2003). Speakers and task type: Increasing awareness of factors involved in speech act production. In K. Bardovi-Harlig & R. Mahan-Taylor (Eds.), Teaching pragmatics. Washington D.C.: US Department of State, Office of English Language Programs. Retrieved October 16, 2006 from U.S. Department of State Office of English Language Programs: http://exchanges.state.gov/education/engteaching/pragmatics.htm

Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP). Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213.

Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, NJ: Alblex Publishing Corporation.

Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hill, B., Ide, S., Ikuta, S., Kawasaki, A., & Ogino, T. (1986). Universals of linguistic politeness: Quantitative Evidence from Japanese and American English. Journal of Pragmatics, 10, 347-371.

Iwata, A. (2001). The effects of teaching on oral speech acts behavior: A case study of requests. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of Minnesota.

Kashiwazaki, H. (1993). Hanashikake koudouno danwabunseki: Irai youkyuu hyougenwo cyuushinni [Discourse analysis of requests with phatic communication]. Nihongo Kyouiku [Journal of Japanese Language Teaching], 79, 53-63.

Kubota, M. (1996). Acquaintance or fiancee: Pragmatic differences in requests between Japanese and Americans. Working Papers in Educational Linguistics, 12(1), 23-38.

Mach, T., & Ridder, S. (in press). E-mail requests. In K. Bardovi-Harlig & R. Mahan-Taylor (Eds.), Teaching pragmatics. Washington D.C.: US Department of State, Office of English Language Programs.

Matsuura, H. (1998). Japanese EFL learners' perception of politeness in low imposition requets. JALT Journal, 20(1), 33-48.

Mizuno, K. (1996a). ‘Irai’ no gengo koudouniokeru cyukangengo goyouron: Cyugokujin nihongo gakusyusya no baai [Interlanguage pragmatics in the speech act of request: The case of Chinese learners of Japanese]. Gengobunka Ronsyu 17(2), 91-106.

Mizuno, K. (1996b). ‘Irai’ no gengo koudouniokeru cyukangengo goyouron (2): Directness to perspective no kantenkara [Interlanguage pragmatics in the speech act of request: Directness and perspectives]. Gengobunka Ronsyu 18(1), 57-71.

Mizutani, N. (1985). Nichi-ei Hikaku: Hanashi Kotoba no Bumpoo [Comparison of Japanese and English Spoken Languages]. Tokyo: Kuroshio Shuppan.

Nakagawa, Y. (1997). Nihongo iraino hyougen: Iraino sutorateji to nihongo kyouiku [Expression of requests in Japanese: Request strategies and Japanese language education. Genkyuronsou, Commemorative edition of 50th Anniversary of Kyoto University of Foreign Studies(L), 218-227.

Rinnert, C. (1999). Appropriate requests in Japanese and English: A preliminary study. Hiroshima Journal of International Studies, 5.

Rose, K. R. (1999). Teachers and students learning about requests in Hong Kong. In E. Hinkel (Ed.), Culture in second language teaching and learning (pp. 167-180). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Sameshima, S. (1998). Communication task ni okeru nihongo gakusyusha no tenkei hyougen/bunmatsu hyougen no syuutokukatei: Chuugokugo washa no "ira" "kotowari" "shazai" no baai [The acquisition of fixed expressions and sentence-ending expressions by learners of Japanese]. Nihongo Kyouiku [Journal of Japanese Language Teaching], 98, 73-84.

Yates, L. (2003). Softening short requests. In K. Bardovi-Harlig & R. Mahan-Taylor (Eds.), Teaching pragmatics. Washington D.C.: US Department of State, Office of English Language Programs. Retrieved October 16, 2006 from U.S. Department of State Office of English Language Programs:

http://exchanges.state.gov/education/engteaching/pragmatics.htm